Abstract

Understanding the health benefits of fruit in our diet

Issue

Epidemiological studies suggest that high consumption of antioxidant-rich fruits and vegetables can reduce the risk of cancer without adverse effects. It has been suggested that the chemo-preventive mechanisms of these antioxidants counter oxidative DNA damage. Reactive oxygen species, including the free radicals superoxide, peroxide, nitric oxide, and hydrogen peroxide, induce DNA damage that can result in cancer development. They are also involved in tumor promotion and damage to neuron cells. Since apples and plums are rich in antioxidant compounds, we want to study their effect on health.

Response

We extracted phenolic compounds and identified their chemical nature. We measured total phenolic content, flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity. We then studied their chemo-preventive effects on dysfunctional gap junction intercellular communication and neurodegeneration.

Impact

Our preliminary results showed that apples and plums are rich in quercetin and other flavonoids with strong antioxidant capacities. Some flavonoids showed protective effects on gap junction intercellular communication and beta-amyloid-induced neuron cell damage. Based on these findings, we recommend that consumers include more apples and plums in their daily diets as a good source of antioxidants.

Funding Sources

• Federal Formula Funds - Research (e.g., Hatch, McIntire-Stennis, Animal Health)

Collaborators

• US Apple Association
• NYS Apple Research Development Program
• USDA
• Seoul National University
• Korea Science & Engineering Foundation

Key Personnel

• Dae-Ok Kim: Cornell University, Geneva, New York
• Ho Jin Heo, Cornell University, Geneva, New York
• Ki Won Lee, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.